Improved machine for making auger-bits



'l NITED STATES XV. W. GRIER AND R. H. BOYD,

IPATFijT OFFICF.

oF HUL'roF, FFNNsYLvAnl/af Specification forming part of Letters PatentNo. 54,893, dated May 22, 1866.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, Wl. l/V. GRIER and R. H. BOYD, of Hulton, in thecounty of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain newand useful Improvements in Machines for Making Angers; and we do herebydeclare' that the following is a full, clear, and exact descriptionthereof', reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making partof this specification, and to the letters of reference marked thereon,like letters indicating like parts wherever they occur.

To enable others skilled in the art to construct and use the invention,we will proceed to describe it.

Our invention relates to machines for twisting angers and all similarboring or drilling instruments; and it consists, primarily, of arevolving shaft having a recess in its end for receiving` the blank andtwisting it, in connection with a series of dies arranged to clasp andhold the auger as fast as twisted, and thereby complete the process oftwisting and truing it at a single operation.

, Figurel is a top-plan view. Fig. 2 is a transverse vertical sectiontaken on the line .r .fr of Fig. l; Fig. 3, a similar sectional viewtaken on the line y y of Fig. 1. Figs. 5, 6, 7, and S are views ofportions detached.

A represents a strong frame, made of any suitable size and material, inwhich are mounted two shafts, E, as shown in Fig. l, each of theseshafts being provided with a gear-wheel, F, as shown.

B represents a shaft located between the shafts E, and paralleltherewith, and having a pinion, G, mounted thereon, gearing on one sideinto one lof the wheels F, while on the un der side it gears into asimilar-sized pinion, H, which latter gears into the other wheel F, asshown clearly in Fig. 2, the motion of said wheels being indicated bythe arrows marked thereon.

The pinion G is secured to the shaft B by a feather, e, as shown in Fig.2, for the purpose of causing the shaft to turn with the pinion andstill permit the shaft to move longitudinally independent of the pinion.

C represents a screw secured to the shaft B, by which, as it is rotated,the shaft is caused to move forward or back, according as it is turnedin one or the other direction.

The shaft B has a hole or recess formed in its front end of proper sizeto receive the blank or bar of which the auger is to he made when forgedof the required form and size,the form ofthe blank being shown by Fig.5.

On opposite sides of the shaft B, at the front portion of the frame, islocated a series of dies, It, as shown in Fig. l, the number being inproportion to the lengt-h and twist of the tool to be made. These diesare arranged to meet on the line of the axis of shaft B, and have theiradjoining ends or faces so formed as to correspond with the shape of theauger or tool when twisted. These dies h are arranged to movelongitudinally, and are operated by a correspondingseries of cams, a, onthe shafts E, these cams being so arranged on the shafts E as to striketheir respective dies h in regir lar succession, the relative positionof the cams being shown in Fig. 3.

Connected with each die h is a spring, o, for forcing the die back assoon as the cam has passed it, the dotted lines in Fig. 3 indicatingtheir position when moved back.

By this arrangement it will be seen that as the shaft B is rotated inthe direction indi cated by the arrow in Fig. lit begins to movegradually backward, and that as soon as it has receded a distance equalto the thickness ofthe first die the cam n will strike the die and forceit forward, this operation occurring simultaneously with both of thefirst pair of dies and continuing until the shaft B shall have traversedthe entire distance occupied by the series -of dies.

The thread of screw U for a half-turn at its front end is not inclined,but is formed so that its plane is at a right angle to that of shaft B,whereby the shaft is permitted to make a half revolution before itbegins to move backward. The last portion of the thread of screw C for aquarter-turn is made in a similar manner, thereby permitting the shaft Bto make oneqnarter of "a revolution after it has ceased to move back,the objects of which will be hereinafter explained.

rlhe blank of which theanger is to be formed is first forged by properdies into the required form, as shown in Fig. 5. A pair of tongs is thenprovided having a recess, e, formed in the face of each jaw, as shown inFig. 4, (where the face of one jaw is seen,) of proper form and size toreceive and rmly` grasp the shank and head of the blank.

It will be observed that one corner is cut from the point of each jaw ofthe tongs, as shown at athis portion being curved to correspond withtwist to be given to the auger. When the two jaws of the tongs areplaced face to face ready for use the curved portion of onejaw will beabove and the other below, exactly correspon din g to the twist ot' theau ger when completed.

rlhe blanks, being properly heated in a suitable furnace or re, areplaced properlyT in the tongs L, and shoved into the hole in the end ofshaft B, the tongs being held firmly in the recess t in the front oftheframe A, as shown in red in Fig. l. Motion being imparted to the shaftB, it begins at once to twist the blank, thecurved portion ot' the tongsserving as a die to regulate the form of the twist at the beginning, andwhile the point b, that feeds the screw C along, remains in the straightportion of the thread at the rear end of C, and which will continueuntil the shaft B has made a quarter of a revolution. As the motion ofthe shaft continues it begins to recede as the point b enters theinclined portion of the thread, thereby drawing the shaft oft' from theblank and twisting it at the same time. As soon as the shaft has recededa distance equal to the thickness of the first set of dies h the cams acome in contact therewith and force the dies forward, causing them toclose upon the twisted portion of the blank, this operation beingcontinued by each pair of dies successively7 therey by serving' to formthe twists with perfect regularity, and at the same time holding thetwisted portion firm vand preventing it from being twisted any morewhile the remaining portion is being twisted. By the time that the lastpair of dies is closed the point or guide b will have entered thestraight portion of the thread at the front end of screw C, and which,as previously explained, extends halfway around the shaft B. Bythisoperation the blank will be twisted as 'shown in Fig. 6, the lipsprotruding, as indicated by the red lines. The straight portion of thescrew-thread permits the shaft B to still make a half-revolution, bywhich thelips are given the proper set or inclination, and thus finishedready for sharpening. When the operation is thus completed the motion ofthe shaft B is reversed, the twisted blank having been removed, by whichthe parts are restored to their original position, ready for twistinganother.

It is obvious that any number of dies may be used, and that they may bemade of any desired thickness, the number of the cams being made tocorrespond. It is also Obvious that any style or form of auger, bit, ordrill may be twisted bya machine constructed and operating on this plan,the form of the hole in the shaft B being made to coliform to the formOf the blank and the face of the dies conformed to the twist of thetool. For instance, in Fig. 7, I represents the end of shaft B fitted totwist that style of bits which are twisted like a corkscrew, lrepresenting the dies to be used therewith.

Fig. 8 represents a crosssection of the blank necessary to form thetwist-drill, and which may be readily completed by this machine, wherebya great saving will be effected over the process now in use of cuttingthe twisted groove in them by means of milling-tools.

It will, ofcourse, be understood that a different machine will be usedfor each of the various sizes of tools to be made, the dies, cams, andscrew being all arranged to operate conjointly and proportioned each tothe other.

By arranging the earns so that they can be adjusted on the shafts E andchanging' the dies h and screw C a variety of tools having varioustwists and sizes may be formed on the same machine; but in practice itwill doubtless be found preferable to have a machine adapted to makeeach of the different sizes separately.

Having thus fully described our invention and its Operation, what weclaim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A machine for twisting angers, bits, drills, and similar articles,and consisting, essentially, ofthe shaft B and a series of dies,arranged to operate substantially as and for the purpose setforth.

2. The rotating and longitudinally-moving shaft B, having a hole madelongitudinally therein of proper size and form to receive the blankandhold it while being twisted and drawn Out, as shown and described.

3. In combination with said shaft B, the tongs L, having their jawsconstructed as shown and described.

4. In combination with the shaft B, the screw C, with its threadconstructed as described, for the purpose of imparting to the shaft anintermittent longitudinal movement, while 1t has a continuous rotarymovement during the operation of twisting the blank, for the purpose ofbothtwisting the blank and setting the lips at one operation.

W. W. GRIER. R. H. BOYD. Witnesses:

JAMES M. TAYLOR, JOHN O. TAYLOR.

